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Ansible – DevSecOps Petshop project | Jenkins CI/CD

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Hello friends, we will be deploying a Petshop Java Based Application. This is an everyday use case scenario used by several organizations. We will be using Jenkins as a CICD tool and deploying our application on a Docker container and Kubernetes cluster. Hope this detailed blog is useful.

We will be deploying our application in two ways, one using Docker Container and the other using K8S cluster.

Project Repo: github.com/Aj7Ay/jpetstore-6.git

Step 1 -- Create an Ubuntu(22.04) T2 Large Instance

Step 2 -- Install Jenkins, Docker and Trivy

Step 3 -- Install Plugins like JDK, Sonarqube Scanner, Maven, OWASP Dependency Check

Step 4 -- Configure Sonar Server in Manage Jenkins

Step 5 -- Install OWASP Dependency Check Plugins

Step 6 -- Docker plugin and credential Setup

Step 7 -- Adding Ansible Repository in Ubuntu and install Ansible

Step 8 -- Kuberenetes Setup

Step 9 -- Master-slave Setup for Ansible and Kubernetes

Now, let’s get started and dig deeper into each of these steps:-

Launch an AWS T2 Large Instance. Use the image as Ubuntu. You can create a new key pair or use an existing one. Enable HTTP and HTTPS settings in the Security Group and open all ports (not best case to open all ports but just for learning purposes it’s okay).

Connect to your console, and enter these commands to Install Jenkins

vi jenkins.sh
#!/bin/bash
sudo apt update -y
#sudo apt upgrade -y
wget -O - https://packages.adoptium.net/artifactory/api/gpg/key/public | tee /etc/apt/keyrings/adoptium.asc
echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/adoptium.asc] https://packages.adoptium.net/artifactory/deb $(awk -F= '/^VERSION_CODENAME/{print$2}' /etc/os-release) main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/adoptium.list
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt install temurin-17-jdk -y
/usr/bin/java --version
curl -fsSL https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io-2023.key | sudo tee \
                  /usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc > /dev/null
echo deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc] \
                  https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ | sudo tee \
                              /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get install jenkins -y
sudo systemctl start jenkins
sudo systemctl status jenkins
sudo chmod 777 jenkins.sh
./jenkins.sh

Once Jenkins is installed, you will need to go to your AWS EC2 Security Group and open Inbound Port 8080 and 8090, 9000 for sonar, since Jenkins works on Port 8080.

But for this Application case, we are running Jenkins on another port. so change the port to 8090 using the below commands.

sudo systemctl stop jenkins
sudo systemctl status jenkins
cd /etc/default
sudo vi jenkins   #chnage port HTTP_PORT=8090 and save and exit
cd /lib/systemd/system
sudo vi jenkins.service  #change Environments="Jenkins_port=8090" save and exit
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart jenkins
sudo systemctl status jenkins

Now, grab your Public IP Address

EC2 Public IP Address:8090
sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword

Unlock Jenkins using an administrative password and install the suggested plugins.

Jenkins will now get installed and install all the libraries.

Create a user click on save and continue.

Jenkins Getting Started Screen.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker.io -y
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
newgrp docker
sudo chmod 777 /var/run/docker.sock

After the docker installation, we create a sonarqube container (Remember added 9000 ports in the security group).

docker run -d --name sonar -p 9000:9000 sonarqube:lts-community

Now our sonarqube is up and running

Enter username and password, click on login and change password

username admin
password admin

Update New password, This is Sonar Dashboard.

vi trivy.sh
sudo apt-get install wget apt-transport-https gnupg lsb-release -y
wget -qO - https://aquasecurity.github.io/trivy-repo/deb/public.key | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/trivy.gpg > /dev/null
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/trivy.gpg] https://aquasecurity.github.io/trivy-repo/deb $(lsb_release -sc) main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/trivy.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install trivy -y

Next, we will log in to Jenkins and start to configure our Pipeline in Jenkins

Goto Manage Jenkins →Plugins → Available Plugins →

Install below plugins

1 → Eclipse Temurin Installer (Install without restart)

2 → SonarQube Scanner (Install without restart)

Goto Manage Jenkins → Tools → Install JDK(17) and Maven3(3.6.0) → Click on Apply and Save

Label it as PETSHOP, click on Pipeline and OK.

Enter this in Pipeline Script,

pipeline{
    agent any
    tools {
        jdk 'jdk17'
        maven 'maven3'
    }
    stages{
        stage ('clean Workspace'){
            steps{
                cleanWs()
            }
        }
        stage ('checkout scm') {
            steps {
                git 'https://github.com/Aj7Ay/jpetstore-6.git'
            }
        }
        stage ('maven compile') {
            steps {
                sh 'mvn clean compile'
            }
        }
        stage ('maven Test') {
            steps {
                sh 'mvn test'
            }
        }
   }
}

The stage view would look like this,

Grab the Public IP Address of your EC2 Instance, Sonarqube works on Port 9000, so <Public IP>:9000. Goto your Sonarqube Server. Click on Administration → Security → Users → Click on Tokens and Update Token → Give it a name → and click on Generate Token

click on update Token

Create a token with a name and generate

copy Token

Goto Jenkins Dashboard → Manage Jenkins → Credentials → Add Secret Text. It should look like this

You will this page once you click on create

Now, go to Dashboard → Manage Jenkins → System and Add like the below image.

Click on Apply and Save

The Configure System option is used in Jenkins to configure different server

Global Tool Configuration is used to configure different tools that we install using Plugins

We will install a sonar scanner in the tools.

In the Sonarqube Dashboard add a quality gate also

Administration–> Configuration–>Webhooks

Click on Create

Add details

#in url section of quality gate
http://jenkins-public-ip:8090/sonarqube-webhook/

Let’s go to our Pipeline and add Sonarqube Stage in our Pipeline Script.

#under tools section add this environment
environment {
        SCANNER_HOME=tool 'sonar-scanner'
    }
# in stages add this
stage("Sonarqube Analysis "){
            steps{
                withSonarQubeEnv('sonar-server') {
                    sh ''' $SCANNER_HOME/bin/sonar-scanner -Dsonar.projectName=Petshop \
                    -Dsonar.java.binaries=. \
                    -Dsonar.projectKey=Petshop '''
                }
            }
        }
        stage("quality gate"){
            steps {
                script {
                  waitForQualityGate abortPipeline: false, credentialsId: 'Sonar-token'
                }
           }
        }

Click on Build now, you will see the stage view like this

To see the report, you can go to Sonarqube Server and go to Projects.

You can see the report has been generated and the status shows as passed. You can see that there are 6.7k lines. To see a detailed report, you can go to issues.

GotoDashboard → Manage Jenkins → Plugins → OWASP Dependency-Check. Click on it and install it without restart.

First, we configured the Plugin and next, we had to configure the Tool

Goto Dashboard → Manage Jenkins → Tools →

Click on Apply and Save here.

Now go configure → Pipeline and add this stage to your pipeline and build.

stage ('Build war file'){
            steps{
                sh 'mvn clean install -DskipTests=true'
            }
        }
        stage("OWASP Dependency Check"){
            steps{
                dependencyCheck additionalArguments: '--scan ./ --format XML ', odcInstallation: 'DP-Check'
                dependencyCheckPublisher pattern: '**/dependency-check-report.xml'
            }
        }

The stage view would look like this,

You will see that in status, a graph will also be generated and Vulnerabilities.

We need to install the Docker tool in our system, Goto Dashboard → Manage Plugins → Available plugins → Search for Docker and install these plugins

Docker

Docker Commons

Docker Pipeline

Docker API

docker-build-step

and click on install without restart

Now, goto Dashboard → Manage Jenkins → Tools →

Add DockerHub Username and Password under Global Credentials

create a personal Access token from the docker hub which is used for ansible-playbook

copy it and save for later.

Let’s install Ansible on the Jenkins server

STEP 7 -Adding Ansible Repository in Ubuntu

    Step1:Update your system packages:

    sudo apt-get update

    Step 2: First Install Required packages to install Ansible.

    sudo apt install software-properties-common

    Step3: Add the ansible repository via PPA

    sudo add-apt-repository --yes --update ppa:ansible/ansible

    Install Python3 on the Ansible master

    sudo apt install python3

      Step1: Install Ansible on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS

      sudo apt install ansible -y
      sudo apt install ansible-core -y

      Step2: To check version :

      ansible --version
        cd /etc/ansible
sudo vi hosts

        Now go to the host file inside the Ansible server and paste the public IP of the Jenkins

        You can create a group and paste ip address below:

        [local]#any name you want
Ip of Jenkins

        save and exit from the file.

        Let’s install The Ansible plugin to integrate with Jenkins.

        Now add Credentials to invoke Ansible with Jenkins.

        In the private key section, Select Enter directly and add your Pem file for the key.

        and finally, click on Create.

        Give this command in your Jenkins machine to find the path of your ansible which is used in the tool section of Jenkins.

        which ansible

        Copy that path and add it to the tools section of Jenkins at ansible installations.

        Now write an Ansible playbook to create a docker image, tag it and push it to the docker hub, and finally, we will deploy it on a container using Ansible.

        Just sample code.

        - name: docker build and push
  hosts: docker  # Replace with the hostname or IP address of your target server
  become: yes  # Run tasks with sudo privileges
  tasks:
    - name: Update apt package cache
      apt:
        update_cache: yes
    - name: Build Docker Image
      command: docker build -t petstore .
      args:
        chdir: /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/petstore
    - name: tag image
      command: docker tag petstore:latest sevenajay/petstore:latest
    - name: Log in to Docker Hub
      community.docker.docker_login:
        registry_url: https://index.docker.io/v1/
        username: sevenajay
        password: <docker pat>
    - name: Push image
      command: docker push sevenajay/petstore:latest
    - name: Run container
      command: docker run -d --name pet1 -p 8081:8080 sevenajay/petstore:latest

        Add this stage to the pipeline to build and push it to the docker hub, and run the container.

        stage('Install Docker') {
            steps {
                dir('Ansible'){
                  script {
                         ansiblePlaybook credentialsId: 'ssh', disableHostKeyChecking: true, installation: 'ansible', inventory: '/etc/ansible/', playbook: 'docker-playbook.yaml'
                        }
                   }
              }
        }

        Output of pipeline

        Now copy the IP address of Jenkins and paste it into the browser

        jenkins-ip:8081/jpetstore

        Connect your machines to Putty or Mobaxtreme

        Take-Two Ubuntu 20.04 instances one for k8s master and the other one for worker.

        Install Kubectl on Jenkins machine also.

        sudo apt update
sudo apt install curl
curl -LO https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl
sudo install -o root -g root -m 0755 kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
kubectl version --client
        sudo su
hostname master
bash
clear
        sudo su
hostname worker
bash
clear
        sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y docker.io
sudo usermod –aG docker Ubuntu
newgrp docker
sudo chmod 777 /var/run/docker.sock
sudo curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list <<EOF
deb https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main
EOF
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
sudo snap install kube-apiserver
        sudo kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
# in case your in root exit from it and run below commands
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
        sudo kubeadm join <master-node-ip>:<master-node-port> --token <token> --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash <hash>

        Copy the config file to Jenkins master or the local file manager and save it

        copy it and save it in documents or another folder save it as secret-file.txt

        NOTE:

        create a new textfile for the config file as secret-file.txt,
        store the copied above complete config details and add it in the
        credentials section.

        Install Kubernetes Plugin, Once it’s installed successfully

        go to manage Jenkins –> manage credentials –> Click on Jenkins global –> add credentials

        To communicate with the Kubernetes clients we have to generate an SSH key on the ansible master node and exchange it with K8s Master System.

        ssh-keygen

        Change the directory to .ssh and copy the public key (id_rsa.pub)

        cd .ssh
cat id_rsa.pub  #copy this public key

        Once you copy the public key from the Ansible master, move to the Kubernetes machine change the directory to .ssh and paste the copied public key under authorized_keys.

        cd .ssh #on k8s master 
sudo vi authorized_keys

        Note: Now, insert or paste the copied public key into the new line. make sure don’t delete any existing keys from the authorized_keys file then save and exit.

        By adding a public key from the master to the k8s machine we have now configured keyless access. To verify you can try to access the k8s master and use the command as mentioned in the below format.

        ssh ubuntu@<public-ip-k8s-master>

        Verifying the above SSH connection from the master to the Kubernetes we have configured our prerequisites.

        Now go to the host file inside the Ansible server and paste the public IP of the k8s master.

        You can create a group and paste ip address below:

        [k8s]#any name you want
public ip of k8s-master

        Use the below command to check Ansible master-slave connections.

        ansible -m ping k8s
ansible -m ping all#use this one

        If all configuration is correct then you would get below output.

        let’s create a simple ansible playbook for Kubernetes deployment.

        ---
- name: Deploy Kubernetes Application
  hosts: k8s  # Replace with your target Kubernetes master host or group
  gather_facts: yes  # Gather facts about the target host
  tasks:
    - name:  deployment.yaml to Kubernetes master
      copy:
        src: /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/petstore/deployment.yaml  # Assuming Jenkins workspace variable
        dest: /home/ubuntu/
      become: yes  # Use sudo for copying if required
      become_user: root  # Use a privileged user for copying if required
    - name: Apply Deployment
      command: kubectl apply -f /home/ubuntu/deployment.yaml

        Now add the below stage to your pipeline.

        stage('k8s using ansible'){
            steps{
                dir('Ansible') {
                    script{
                        ansiblePlaybook credentialsId: 'ssh', disableHostKeyChecking: true, installation: 'ansible', inventory: '/etc/ansible/', playbook: 'kube.yaml'
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        output

        In the Kubernetes cluster give this command

        kubectl get all
kubectl get svc
        slave-ip:serviceport(30699);/jpetstore

        complete Pipeline

        pipeline{
    agent any
    tools {
        jdk 'jdk17'
        maven 'maven3'
    }
    environment {
        SCANNER_HOME=tool 'sonar-scanner'
    }
    stages{
        stage ('clean Workspace'){
            steps{
                cleanWs()
            }
        }
        stage ('checkout scm') {
            steps {
                git 'https://github.com/Aj7Ay/jpetstore-6.git'
            }
        }
        stage ('maven compile') {
            steps {
                sh 'mvn clean compile'
            }
        }
        stage ('maven Test') {
            steps {
                sh 'mvn test'
            }
        }
        stage("Sonarqube Analysis "){
            steps{
                withSonarQubeEnv('sonar-server') {
                    sh ''' $SCANNER_HOME/bin/sonar-scanner -Dsonar.projectName=Petstore \
                    -Dsonar.java.binaries=. \
                    -Dsonar.projectKey=Petstore '''
                }
            }
        }
        stage("quality gate"){
            steps {
                script {
                  waitForQualityGate abortPipeline: false, credentialsId: 'Sonar-token'
                }
           }
        }
        stage ('Build war file'){
            steps{
                sh 'mvn clean install -DskipTests=true'
            }
        }
        stage("OWASP Dependency Check"){
            steps{
                dependencyCheck additionalArguments: '--scan ./ --format XML ', odcInstallation: 'DP-Check'
                dependencyCheckPublisher pattern: '**/dependency-check-report.xml'
            }
        }
        stage('Ansible docker Docker') {
            steps {
                dir('Ansible'){
                  script {
                        ansiblePlaybook credentialsId: 'ssh', disableHostKeyChecking: true, installation: 'ansible', inventory: '/etc/ansible/', playbook: 'docker.yaml'
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        stage('k8s using ansible'){
            steps{
                dir('Ansible') {
                    script{
                        ansiblePlaybook credentialsId: 'ssh', disableHostKeyChecking: true, installation: 'ansible', inventory: '/etc/ansible/', playbook: 'kube.yaml'
                    }
                }
            }
        }
   }
}

        Thanks for Reading the Blog. keep supporting

        mrcloudbook.com avatar

        Ajay Kumar Yegireddi is a DevSecOps Engineer and System Administrator, with a passion for sharing real-world DevSecOps projects and tasks. Mr. Cloud Book, provides hands-on tutorials and practical insights to help others master DevSecOps tools and workflows. Content is designed to bridge the gap between development, security, and operations, making complex concepts easy to understand for both beginners and professionals.

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